Lec-6 Application Layer

Application Layer - OSI Model
It is the top most layer of OSI Model. Manipulation of data (information) in various ways is done in this layer which enables user or software to get access to the network. Some services provided by this layer includes: E-Mail, transferring of files, distributing the results to user, directory services, network resource etc.
The most widely-known TCP/IP Application layer protocols are those that provide for the exchange of user information. These protocols specify the format and control information necessary for many of the common Internet communication functions. Among these TCP/IP protocols are:
• Domain Name Service Protocol (DNS) is used to resolve Internet names to IP addresses.
• Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is used to transfer files that make up the Web pages of the World Wide Web.
• Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is used for the transfer of mail messages and attachments.
• Telnet, a terminal emulation protocol, is used to provide remote access to servers and networking devices.
• File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is used for interactive file transfer between systems.